Case report

Acute renal failure in an AIDS patient on tenofovir: a case report

Pinelopi P Kapitsinou¹ and Naheed Ansari²

¹  Department of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA

²  Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA

author email corresponding author email

Journal of Medical Case Reports 2008, 2:94doi:10.1186/1752-1947-2-94

Published:	31 March 2008

Abstract

Introduction

Tenofovir is a potent nucleotide analogue reverse-transcriptase inhibitor used with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Despite the absence of renal toxicity observed in the major clinical trials of tenofovir, several case reports of acute renal failure (ARF) and proximal tubule dysfunction have been described.

Case presentation

We report a patient who developed ARF and Fanconi syndrome during treatment with tenofovir. Despite severe metabolic acidosis associated with a creatinine of 9.8 mg/dL (866 μmol/L), this patient's condition improved on discontinuation of tenofovir treatment without requiring renal replacement therapy.

Conclusion

Vigilant screening of kidney function is required regularly after initiation of tenofovir due to possible appearance of renal failure.