A fatal case of recurrent amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis after percutaneous tracheotomy: a case report

Vasilios Papaioannou , Irene Terzi , Christos Dragoumanis , Dimitrios Konstantonis , Vassiliki Theodorou and Ioannis Pneumatikos

Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Alexandroupolis University Hospital, Democritus University of Thrace, Medical School, Dragana, Alexandroupolis 68100, Greece

author email corresponding author email

Journal of Medical Case Reports 2007, 1:134doi:10.1186/1752-1947-1-134


Published:	13 November 2007

Abstract

Background

Amiodarone is a widely used antiarrythmic drug, which may produce secondary effects on the thyroid. In 14–18% of amiodarone-treated patients, there is overt thyroid dysfunction, usually in the form of amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis, which can be difficult to manage with standard medical treatment.

Case presentation

Presented is the case of a 65-year-old man, under chronic treatment of atrial fibrillation with amiodarone, who was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit with acute cardio-respiratory failure and fever. He was recently hospitalized with respiratory distress, attributed to amiodarone-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Clinical and laboratory investigation revealed thyrotoxicosis due to amiodarone treatment. He was begun on thionamide, prednisone and beta-blockers. After a short term improvement of his clinical status the patient underwent percutaneous tracheotomy due to weaning failure from mechanical ventilation, which led to the development of recurrent thyrotoxicosis, unresponsive to medical treatment. Finally, the patient developed multiple organ failure and died, seven days later.

Conclusion

We suggest that percutaneous tracheotomy could precipitate a thyrotoxic crisis, particularly in non-euthyroid patients suffering from concurrent severe illness and should be performed only in parallel with emergency thyroid surgery, when indicated.